कार्यकारणकर्तृत्वे हेतु: प्रकृतिरुच्यते | पुरुष: सुखदु:खानां भोक्तृत्वे हेतुरुच्यते || 21 || |
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“The cause of action and effect is attributed to Prakriti (nature), while Purusha (the individual self) is considered the experiencer of pleasure and pain.”
Commentary: Prakriti is understood as the primal, creative force of nature that governs the world of action and causality. It is the cause of all manifestations and transformations in the physical and mental realms.
On the other hand, Purusha refers to the individual self or consciousness. It is the experiencer or observer of the consequences of actions, which include both pleasure and pain. Purusha is considered distinct from Prakriti and unaffected by its workings. It is the eternal, unchanging essence that remains separate from the ever-changing nature of the material world.
The verse emphasizes the distinction between Prakriti as the cause and Purusha as the experiencer in the realm of actions, causes, effects, and the subjective experience of pleasure and pain.