नियतं सङ्गरहितमरागद्वेषत: कृतम् | अफलप्रेप्सुना कर्म यतत्सात्त्विकमुच्यते || 23 || |
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Commentary
Lord Krishna describes the characteristics of actions performed in the mode of goodness (sattva gunā). He explains that such actions are characterized by specific qualities:
Niyatam: The action is performed with a sense of duty and discipline. It is done in accordance with one’s prescribed duties and responsibilities, without any sense of randomness or whimsical behavior.
Sangarahitam: The action is performed without attachment or clinging. There is a sense of detachment from the outcome and a recognition that the results are not the sole determinant of the value or success of the action.
arāga-dveṣhataḥ: The action is free from attachment (raga) and aversion (dvesha). There is no excessive desire or craving for favorable outcomes, nor is there any aversion or resistance towards unfavorable outcomes.
Aphala-prepsuna: The action is performed without an overwhelming desire for the fruits or results. There is a focus on the process and the execution of the action itself, rather than being solely driven by the anticipation of specific outcomes.
Actions performed in the mode of goodness are characterized by a sense of duty, detachment, equanimity, and a focus on the present moment rather than being fixated on the future results. Such actions are not driven by personal desires, attachment, or aversion but are guided by a broader understanding of one’s responsibilities and the welfare of others.
By cultivating actions in the mode of goodness, individuals can develop a balanced and harmonious approach to life, free from the extreme fluctuations of attachment and aversion. They perform their duties with sincerity, discipline, and a sense of detachment, recognizing that the results are not entirely in their control. This mindset leads to inner peace, clarity of purpose, and a greater ability to make decisions based on wisdom and higher principles rather than being swayed by personal desires or external circumstances.
In summary, the verse emphasizes that actions performed in the mode of goodness are characterized by a sense of duty, detachment, and a focus on the present moment. They are free from excessive attachment, aversion, and the desire for specific outcomes. By cultivating such actions, individuals can experience greater inner harmony and align themselves with higher principles.