न तदस्ति पृथिव्यां वा दिवि देवेषु वा पुन: | सत्त्वं प्रकृतिजैर्मुक्तं यदेभि: स्यात्त्रिभिर्गुणै: || 40 || |
|---|
Commentary
Lord Krishna emphasizes that the happiness mentioned earlier, which is associated with the three gunās or modes of material nature, is not found in any specific location or realm. It is not limited to the earthly realm or even the heavenly abodes where the gods reside.
Happiness, as experienced by individuals, is influenced by the three modes of material nature: sattva, rajas, and tamas. These modes shape a person’s thoughts, emotions, and actions, thus influencing their perception of happiness.
Sattva, the mode of goodness, is characterized by qualities such as purity, knowledge, and harmony. Happiness derived from sattva is uplifting, peaceful, and conducive to spiritual growth. It is based on virtue, wisdom, and a sense of inner balance.
Rajas, the mode of passion, is associated with qualities like ambition, restlessness, and desire. Happiness arising from rajas is driven by cravings, achievement-oriented pursuits, and sensory gratification. It is often fleeting, dependent on external circumstances, and can lead to attachment and agitation.
Tamas, the mode of ignorance, is characterized by qualities such as laziness, delusion, and inertia. Happiness influenced by tamas arises from ignorance, delusion, and indulgence in negative habits or behaviors. It brings temporary relief but ultimately leads to suffering, confusion, and a lack of spiritual awareness.
Lord Krishna explains that the happiness mentioned earlier, which is subject to the three gunās, is not a transcendent, eternal form of happiness. It is transient and conditional, as it arises and dissipates based on the prevailing mode of nature in a person’s life.
In summary, Lord Krishna states that the happiness influenced by the three modes of material nature is not confined to any specific realm but is present throughout the material existence. True and lasting happiness transcends these modes and is attained through spiritual realization, which leads to liberation from the influence of the material modes.