अध्यात्मज्ञाननित्यत्वं तत्वज्ञानार्थदर्शनम् | एतज्ज्ञानमिति प्रोक्तमज्ञानं यदतोऽन्यथा || 12 || |
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“Self-knowledge, contemplation of the ultimate truth, understanding the purpose of knowledge – this is declared to be knowledge, and what is contrary to it is ignorance.”
Commentary
Self-knowledge (adhyātma-jñāna): It refers to the knowledge of one’s true self, the understanding of the eternal soul or consciousness beyond the temporary physical existence. It involves realizing the interconnectedness of all beings and the divine essence within.
Realization of the ultimate truth (Tatva-jñāna-artha-darśanam): It pertains to recognizing that true knowledge is not merely accumulation of information or intellectual pursuits but understanding the higher purpose of knowledge, which is self-realization, spiritual growth, and the pursuit of truth.
Absence of self-knowledge and the failure to recognize the fundamental truths of existence lead to a state of delusion and ignorance. True knowledge is not merely theoretical or transient, but it is the continuous awareness and realization of one’s inner self and the ultimate reality. It emphasizes that the pursuit of self-knowledge and the understanding of the ultimate truth are essential for attaining true wisdom and spiritual enlightenment.
These verses provide a comprehensive framework of true knowledge for cultivating virtues, spiritual growth, and self-realization. They highlight the qualities, practices, and understandings necessary for leading a spiritually awakened and enlightened life.