असक्तबुद्धि: सर्वत्र जितात्मा विगतस्पृह: | नैष्कर्म्यसिद्धिं परमां सन्न्यासेनाधिगच्छति || 49 || |
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Lord Krishna describes the qualities and state of mind required to attain the highest perfection of renunciation. The verse emphasizes the importance of cultivating an unattached intellect, self-control, and freedom from desires.
The term “asaktabuddhi” refers to a person with an unattached intellect. It signifies a state of mind where one remains unaffected by the outcomes or rewards of their actions. Such an individual performs their duties without attachment to the results, understanding that they are not the sole doer or controller of the outcomes.
The term “jitātmā” refers to one who has conquered or mastered their mind and senses. It implies having self-control and discipline, where the individual is not swayed by external influences or desires. By gaining mastery over their own mind and senses, they can make conscious choices and act in accordance with their higher principles.
The verse highlights the significance of being free from desires, referred to as “vigataspriha.” It indicates a state of mind where one is unaffected by material cravings and attachments. By transcending desires, individuals can free themselves from the limitations and distractions that hinder spiritual progress.
Lord Krishna asserts that by possessing these qualities and adopting the path of renunciation, one attains “naiskarmyasiddhim,” the highest perfection of renunciation. Naiskarmya refers to the state of being free from the bondage of karma (action) and its associated results. It is the state of selfless action performed without attachment to the outcomes, leading to liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
By renouncing the fruits of actions, individuals become free from the karmic entanglements and the cycle of cause and effect. They act selflessly, guided by their duties and higher principles, without seeking personal gains or rewards. In this state, they attain the ultimate perfection of renunciation and spiritual liberation.
The verse emphasizes that the path of renunciation is not limited to physically abandoning worldly responsibilities or adopting a monastic lifestyle. It is a state of mind and attitude where one remains unattached, self-controlled, and free from desires while performing their prescribed duties in the world. By renouncing the attachment to results and cultivating these qualities, individuals can attain the highest spiritual realization and liberation.
In summary, the verse advises that by cultivating an unattached intellect, self-control, and freedom from desires, individuals can attain the supreme perfection of renunciation. By renouncing the attachment to the fruits of actions and performing selfless duties, they can transcend the cycle of cause and effect, ultimately attaining spiritual liberation.