अयुक्त: प्राकृत: स्तब्ध: शठो नैष्कृतिकोऽलस: | विषादी दीर्घसूत्री च कर्ता तामस उच्यते || 28 || |
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Commentary
“The performer who is without intelligence, indecisive, deceitful, lazy, always sorrowful, and procrastinating, is said to be in the mode of ignorance (tamasa).”
Lord Krishna describes the characteristics of a person who performs actions in the mode of ignorance (tamas gunā).
Ayukta: Without intelligence. This refers to an individual who lacks proper understanding, discernment, and wisdom. He makes poor choices, acts impulsively, and lacks the capacity to think rationally and critically.
Prākṛitaḥ : Indecisive. Such a person is unable to make firm decisions or choices. He is easily influenced by others, hesitant, and often swayed by his own doubts and fears. He lacks clarity and direction in his actions.
Stabdha: Inert. This person is characterized by a state of inertia and laziness. He lacks enthusiasm, initiative, and the drive to take action. He may be passive, sluggish, and resistant to change or exerting effort.
Shatha: Deceitful. This refers to an individual who is dishonest, deceptive, and manipulative. He engages in cunning or deceitful behavior to achieve his self-centered goals, often exploiting others in the process.
Naiṣhkṛitikaḥ: Lazy. Such a person is inclined towards laziness and procrastination. He lacks motivation, discipline, and the willingness to put in consistent effort. He may avoid responsibilities and find excuses to avoid fulfilling his duties.
Viṣhādī: Always sorrowful. This person experiences a pervasive sense of sadness, melancholy, or despair. He carries a heavy burden of negativity and tends to see life from a pessimistic perspective. He dwells in a state of perpetual sorrow or emotional turmoil.
Deerghasutri: Procrastinating. This refers to an individual who constantly postpones or delays his tasks and responsibilities. He lacks a sense of urgency and the ability to prioritize effectively. He may be prone to wasting time and avoiding necessary actions.
A person characterized by these qualities is considered to be in the mode of ignorance (tamas gunā). He is trapped in a state of delusion, ignorance, and inertia. His actions are often driven by ignorance, laziness, deceit, and a lack of motivation.
Due to his lack of intelligence and indecisiveness, he may make poor choices that lead to negative consequences. He may resort to deceitful or manipulative tactics to further his self-interests. His inertia and laziness prevent him from taking proactive steps towards personal growth or fulfilling his duties. He perpetually experiences sorrow, negativity, and a sense of hopelessness. He lacks the drive and determination to overcome challenges or make positive changes in his life. Procrastination becomes a common pattern, hindering his progress and leading to unfulfilled goals.
It is important to note that operating predominantly in the mode of ignorance can obstruct one’s spiritual development and overall well-being. It keeps the individual trapped in a cycle of negativity, ignorance, and suffering.
In summary, a person in the mode of ignorance is characterized by a lack of intelligence, indecisiveness, deceit, laziness, and a perpetual sense of sorrow.