अधर्मं धर्ममिति या मन्यते तमसावृता | सर्वार्थान्विपरीतांश्च बुद्धि: सा पार्थ तामसी || 32 || |
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Commentary
Lord Krishna explains the nature of intelligence (buddhi) that is influenced by the mode of ignorance (tamas). He describes how this type of intelligence misinterprets what is righteous and unrighteous and perceives reality in a distorted and inverted way.
The intelligence in the mode of ignorance is clouded by darkness and delusion. It is unable to discern the true nature of righteousness (dharma) and unrighteousness (adharma). Such intelligence may mistakenly consider actions that are unethical, harmful, or against moral principles as righteous and justifiable. It lacks the clarity and discrimination to distinguish between right and wrong.
This tamasic intelligence perceives the world in a completely reversed manner. It distorts reality and may view things in an upside-down or inverted way. It may project its own fears, prejudices, and negative tendencies onto others and the external world. This distorted perception leads to confusion, wrong judgments, and misguided actions.
Those whose intelligence is enveloped by the mode of ignorance may prioritize personal gain, selfish interests, and short-term gratification over higher principles and the welfare of others. Their decisions and actions may be driven by ignorance, laziness, and a lack of understanding about the consequences of their actions.
Lord Krishna advises Arjuna to be aware of this tamasic intelligence and its detrimental effects. He encourages him to rise above the mode of ignorance and cultivate a higher, sattvic intelligence that is rooted in clarity, wisdom, and a correct understanding of righteousness.
By developing sattvic intelligence, one can discern the true nature of dharma and adharma, as well as make choices that align with higher principles and promote the well-being of all beings. Sattvic intelligence is characterized by clarity, moral integrity, and a deep understanding of the interconnectedness of all things.
Arjuna is urged to transcend the mode of ignorance and strive for a higher level of consciousness that is free from delusion, ignorance, and erroneous perceptions. By doing so, he can attain true knowledge, make choices that are in harmony with the divine order, and fulfill his duties in a righteous and beneficial manner.